Alexander Graham Bell biography Free Essays

Alexander Graham Bell, was the designer of the phone. Ringer was conceived in Edinburgh on 3 March 1847. He was the child of Melville, a discourse and oration educator who built up the main International Phonetic Alphabet and Eliza, who was hard of hearing from the age of five. We will compose a custom paper test on Alexander Graham Bell life story or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Ringer was the lone youngster to make due into adulthood, with his more youthful and senior siblings, Ted and Melly, passing on of tuberculosis. These historical realities anticipate the solid qualities, character and assurance of the man bound to drastically change the favored method of significant distance correspondences to voice, and in this way change for all intents and purposes all parts of present day life. Ringer built up an enthusiasm for correspondence since early on. He was to turn into an exceptional man with a visionary comprehension of its capacity and potential. Instructed at the colleges of Edinburgh and London, Bell moved to the US in 1870. In his twenties, he set about building up a numerous message that could send a few Morse code messages. In 1872, Bell began going to MIT’s open talks on trial mechanics, remembering one for October by Professor Charles R. Cross that started a long, productive joint effort. At the discussion, Cross exhibited a gadget concocted by his associate Edward C. Pickering, who at that point led MIT’s material science division. At the hour of Cross’s address, MIT (which had been joined in 1861 on the Boston side of the Charles River) had as of late opened the Rogers Laboratory of Physics in another structure on Boylston Street. The office was the first of its sort in the United States, an all around furnished working lab that permitted understudies to lead tests showing the physical laws they found out about in class. Exceptionally compelling to Bell, the new lab had a great arrangement of hardware indistinguishable from that utilized in the way breaking work of Hermann von Helmholtz, one of the world’s driving acoustical scientists. In 1873, Bell acknowledged a situation as an educator of vocal physiology and rhetoric at the youngster Boston University (which had been sanctioned in 1869). The post brought him into significantly closer contact with Boston’s academic network, bearing him the opportunity to improve familiar with Professor Cross, who might in the long run succeed Pickering as seat of MIT’s material science office. In April 1874, after Bell tended to MIT understudies and personnel about his acoustical investigations and his eff orts to show the hard of hearing to speak, Crossâ€apparently impressedâ€granted him free access to the Institute’s offices for his further exploration. Chime took advantage of the lucky break. Obviously, Bell won his patent case as the sole creator of the phone, and open information about the commitments of others for the most part blurred into obscurity. The many enduring essential reports from the period, be that as it may, leave little uncertainty of the significant supporting job that Cross and the Rogers Laboratory played in helping Bell increase indispensable, nitty gritty, and frequently hands-on information about the forefront work of others in the field, including Pickering, Helmholtz, Reis, and Elisha Gray, the designer whose way breaking structure for a fluid transmitter Bell appears to have appropriated to put his reality on the map call to Watson. Numerous years after the fact, with Bell’s legitimate case to the phone since a long time ago made sure about, he freely recognized Cross’s commitment. Chime told the horde of 1,500 collected at Symphony Hall for MIT’s 50th-commemoration galaâ€and in excess of 5,000 graduated class and visitors who were tuning in by telephone at Alumni Association social occasions over the countryâ€that Cross had not just made â€Å"many propels in the phone itself † yet propelled numerous understudies to â€Å"go forward from the Institute to consummate the work. † On 7 March 1876, Bell licensed the phone (Patent 174,465) at the young age of 29. On March 10, 1876, Bell probably thumped over the sulfuric acid he and Watson were utilizing as transmitting fluid for early phone tests, and yelled, â€Å"Mr. Watson, come here; I need you. † Watson, working in the following room, heard Bell’s voice through the wire. Chime acquainted the phone with the world at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia in 1876. In 1877, Bell framed the Bell Telephone Company. He later sued Western Union over patent encroachment of his phone copyright, and won. During the 1880s, Bell utilized his impressive fortune to build up research labs to work with hard of hearing individuals. Helen Keller was among his numerous understudies. Ringer, however, had the option to make an interpretation of his excellent qualities into his private life. He campaigned the reason for hard of hearing individuals and to build up day schools for them all through the US. At the point when he set out on this test, just 40 percent of hard of hearing youngsters were instructed to talk. At the hour of his demise in 1922 the figure was 80 percent †declaration enough in itself to his initiative characteristics. Like every single uncommon pioneer, Bell made himself open to all. He supported one family †the Kellers †to teach their daughter Helen, who was hard of hearing. She later went to the Boston Museum of expressive arts and turned into an exceptionally effective ad craftsman. Businesses today can gain much from Bell’s extraordinary accomplishments †support thoughts, empower advancement and seek after turns of events, anyway extreme they may appear at that point. Similarly, there stays a need today for organizations to acknowledge and cultivate their connections and social obligations inside the networks where they work and past. Chime demonstrated that pioneers and business can make the conditions to improve our personal satisfaction. In exploring this article, I have developed to regard the extraordinary profundity and administration characteristics of Alexander Graham Bell, a tremendously fruitful business visionary and an incredible helpful person. While phones, fax, mobiles, text informing, and so forth may once in a while make you distraught, they have without a doubt upset the world to improve things, and it would all be able to be followed back to the initiative and vision of one man. Ringer is the best maker ever of investor esteem and a persuasive figure for the to the reason for the â€Å"children of a lesser God† †it must acquire him the title of Greatest Briton in Management and Leadership. Other Bell developments incorporate an electric test, a gadget used to find shots and other metal items in the human body, and the vacuum coat, which when put around the chest, controlled counterfeit breath. He’s likewise attributed with developments identified with the iron lung and triangular airplane wings. In 1898, Bell turned into the leader of National Geographic in light of the fact that he accepted that geology could be instructed through pictures. Bell’s interest with flight prompted his â€Å"hydrodrome† pontoon, a vessel that went over the water at high speeds. The hydrodrome arrived at speeds more than 70 mph, and for a long time was the quickest vessel on the planet. Chime kicked the bucket August 2, 1922, in Nova Scotia, Canada But not at all like such huge numbers of extraordinary pioneers and designers, Bell finished, envisioning the future and understanding the capability of his wonderful creation. Not long after the creation of the phone, Bell had told his dad: â€Å"The day is coming when broadcast wires will be laid on to houses, much the same as water or gas†¦ and companions will chat with one another without venturing out from home. How right he was. Recollect this forecast was the point at which the phone was in its outset and its maximum capacity was a long way from perceived. Bell’s creation changed for good the manner in which individuals carry on with their lives. Phones and phone lines have empowered us to organize worldwide organizations through PCs, make exchanges electronically, or basically converse with our friends and family to tell them everything is great, any place on the planet we may be at that point. The phone isn't just equipped for transmitting voice, yet additionally of transmitting feeling and, hence, permits us to impart what we are thinking as well as how we feel. In a flash of brilliance, Bell shrank the world and changed the lives of the residents of his nation of birth and training, Great Britain, and, in fact, the lives of individuals around the globe. In the same way as other incredible individuals, Bell seemed to profit by karma and expertise in equivalent measure, and it was while he was attempting to build up various morse code that he discovered the idea that discourse could be recreated through sound waves in a consistent undulating current. This really splendid revelation is the guideline behind the phone. Steven Paul Jobs was conceived in San Francisco on February 24, 1955 to two college understudies, Joanne Carole Schieble and Syrian-conceived Abdulfattah â€Å"John† Jandali (Arabic: ), who were both unmarried at that point. [32] Jandali, who was instructing in Wisconsin when Steve was conceived in 1955, said he had no real option except to put the infant up for appropriation since his girlfriend’s family protested their relationship. [33] The child was embraced during childbirth by Paul Reinhold Jobs (1922â€1993) and Clara Jobs (1924â€1986), an Armenian-American[3] whose family name was Hagopian. 34] Later, when gotten some information about his â€Å"adoptive parents,† Jobs answered determinedly that Paul and Clara Jobs â€Å"were my folks. â€Å"[35] He expressed in his approved life story that they â€Å"were my folks 1,000%. â€Å"[36] Unknown to him, his organic guardians would accordingly wed (December 1955), have a second youngster Mona Simpson in 1957, and separate in 1962. [36] The Jobs family moved from San Francisco to Mountain View, California when Steve was five years of age. [1][2] The guardians later received a girl, Patti. Paul was a mechanical engineer for an organization that made lasers, and showed his child simple gadgets and how to function

To what extent did Britain experience a 'cultural revolution' in the Essay

Whatever degree did Britain experience a 'social upset' during the 1960s - Essay Example The Acts of parliament prompted separation, homosexuality and fetus removal in this way declining the social gauges. For example, National Health Service Act of 1967 considered the neighborhood specialists to give free preventative pills to ladies accordingly prompting mainstream Britain. The sixties is viewed as a period when the old system of profound quality, authority and control in the general public deteriorated and prompted lack of respect of lawfulness, decrease in family esteems and tuneful music (Moore-Gilbert 1992). The Cultural Revolution was portrayed by young culture, vision. Fights, triumph of Afro-American models, changes in sexual practices, for example, gay freedom, and the rise of new music. It is obvious that Swinging Sixties changed British good principles from Christian based ethics to progressively mainstream excellencies because of sanctioning of homosexuality and fetus removal (Sandbrook 2007). The innovative advancement in music creation advances prompted ne w music classifications, for example, hard rock and new dressing styles that included unkempt long hair, afro hairdo and sideburns. Pre-marriage sex and commercialisation of sex entertainment and nakedness in TV ads later prompted crisis of explicitly transmitted sicknesses, premature births and high separation rates (Ferris 1993). The Cultural Revolution was apparent in new dressing styles. Some style patterns incorporate new hairdos like the beatle boots and mop-top hair style. The nonconformist development likewise presented ringer base pants, paisley prints and batik textures that were basic with the adolescent. Also, smaller than normal skirts were presented and two-piece family highlighted in the sea shore party film in 1963 (Marr 2008). Men additionally presented new haircuts that included team trim, flattop hairdo and longer separated hairdos with sideburns. African ladies favored the afro while other standard haircuts included chignon haircut, twiggy and bee sanctuary hair stylings (Marwick 1998). As I would like to think, it is clear that the Cultural Revolution prompted new style plans and design cognizance among British youth. The young populace needed easygoing wear that showed their character of being cool and in vogue therefore reproducing with hostile to social practices like medication misuse (Marr 2008). The Cultural Revolution is obvious in the music business. During the 1950s, Britain depended totally on American music yet Beatles wandered in American market in 1960s along these lines making Britain a focal point of design and music. Numerous young people respected Beatlemania as popular music emitted with vitality in this way prompting social movements. The Rolling stones band used provocative drawl and female frown that attracted enormous groups to music shows. Another striking part of the music was unkempt style and wild wear garments. New music stars, for example, Cilla Black, Adam Faith and Cliff Richard developed during the Cultural R evolution. The Zombies, the Animals and Dusty Springfield for the most part utilized dissent music that consolidated new style patterns and energetic culture consequently engaging the US crowd (Moore-Gilbert 1992). What's more, hallucinogenic music was basic so as to improve the encounters of psychedelic medications while the conventional dynamic people groups moved to shake and popular music (Sandbrook 2007). Overwhelming metal music began to pick up crowd in later 1960s and become famous in the following decade. Carnaby Street in London was

Bargaining Power of Suppliers Aggregation Of Supply free essay sample

Haggling POWER OF SUPPLIER †¢Bargaining power is the capacity to impact the setting of costs. †¢The progressively thought and controlled the gracefully, the more force it uses against the market. †¢Monopolistics or semi monopolistic providers will utilize their capacity to separate better terms (higher overall revenues or ) to the detriment of the market. †¢In a really serious market, nobody provider can set the costs. Total of Supply †¢Suppliers can gathering to use additionally bartering power. †¢This total can take various shapes. †¢Cartels attempt to impact costs to further their own potential benefit. In most created nations cartels are illicit. †¢Sometimes providers have mystery intrigue understandings that are hard to arraign. †¢In most created nations, a guard dog is dependable to shield well working markets from unnecessary gracefully accumulation. †¢Cartels, similar to monopolists, will favor more significant expenses (I. e. higher net revenues) at lower amount, subsequently picking a point on the flexibly bend that won't gracefully for all the purchasers that would purchase at the lower free market cost. Models Industries confronting amazing providers: The PC making industry faces the practically monopolistic intensity of working framework provider. Microsoft has mishandled its capacity various occasions and must be gotten control over by rivalry guard dogs everywhere throughout the world. †¢Industries utilizing precious stones, for example, adornments and hardware, face the enormous intensity of DeBeers, that exploits the gracefully focus to achive prevailing piece of the overall industry Industries confronting feeble providers: †¢Food processors can purchase horticultural produce from many, powerless little and medium ranchers. †¢Retail stores can fill their racks with many contending items from various makers. Carriers face a duopoly of two similarly amazing contenders (like Airbus and Boeing in the avionics business). In spite of the fact that they are both enormous and incredible, the risk of replacement is sufficient to keep their capacity under control. Haggling POWER OF BUYER †¢Bargaining power is the capacity to impact the setting of costs. †¢Monopsonistic or semi monopsonistic purchasers will utilize their capacity to extricate better terms (higher overall revenues or ) to the detriment of the market. †¢In a really serious market, nobody purchaser can set the costs. Rather they are set by flexibly and request. Costs are set by gracefully and request and the market arrives at the Pareto-ideal point where the most noteworthy conceivable number of purchasers are fulfilled at a value that despite everything consider the provider to be beneficial. Gracefully and Demand †¢The flexibly bend is the connection among cost and provided amount. Typically, the higher the value, the higher the provided amount as more provider will be intrigued to create and sell at a more significant expense. †¢The request bend is the connection among cost and requested amount. Ordinarily, the lower the value, the higher the requested amount as purchasers will purchase more at a lower cost. In a genuinely serious market, gracefully and request meet at the cost where the provided amount rises to the requested amount. †¢If provided amount is higher, cost will fall. †¢If requested amount is higher, cost will raise. Models Industries confronting incredible purchasers: †¢Defense contractual workers have a constrained arrangement of politically inspired purchasers (governments). †¢Sub contractual workers to vehicle producers have a restricted arrangement of potential customers, each ordering an enormous portion of their market. Enterprises confronting feeble purchasers: †¢Retailers face singular customers with practically zero force by any means. Obstructions TO ENTRY Barriers to section are snags in transit of potential new participant to enter the market and contend with the occupants. * The challenges of entering a market can protect the officeholders against new participants. * Incumbents benefits are conceivably higher than in a genuinely serious market, at the costs of their providers and purchasers. * The higher the hindrances to passage, the more force in the hand of the officeholders. The two most significant obstructions to passage are: * Capital prerequisites * Government strategy and guidelines There are a lot of other potential boundaries that may frighten new participants off: * Proprietary items and information Access to data sources and circulation * Economies of scale and other cost preferences * Switching expenses and brand character Examples Industries with high hindrances of section: * Car making: high forthright capital interest in assembling gear; consistence with wellbeing and outflow rules and guideline, access to parts providers, improvement of a system of vehicle sales centers, large showcasing effort to build up another vehicle brand with shoppers. * Mining: access to inputs limited through common dissemination and government licenses, quite certain/re strictive investigation information, huge interest in hardware. Ventures with low hindrances of passage: * Computer Hardware retailing: everyone can begin a locally established mail request business for PC parts. It takes little government grants, distributer are open for each affiliate, there is no compelling reason to keep enormous stock, data is uninhibitedly accessible on the web. * Photography Services: minimal introductory capital speculation, no guideline, no economies of scale (the restricting components are the picture takers time and his land area). Boundaries TO EXIT †¢Barriers to exit are obstructions to advertise players who understand that they won't turn a benefit and might want to stop the market. The challenges of leaving a market can drive a player to continue contending as the least terrible other option. †¢The expanded rivalry influences adversely different occupants. †¢Incumbents benefits are conceivably lower than in a genuinely serious market, to the upside of purchasers. The most significant hindrance to exi t is the absence of option, increasingly gainful utilization of the advantages in which the business has just contributed. The expenses of creating an item or administration can be generally part into fixed and variable expenses. †¢Fixed costs speak to the in advance interest in hardware and different resources expected to deliver the item or administration. Variable expenses speak to the extra per unit costs, work and material. From a financial point of view, it bodes well to deliver and sell an extra unit of item or administration if the income produced covers at any rate for the variable expenses. What is left past taking care of variable expenses is a commitment to diminish the misfortune on the benefits. Models Industries with high boundaries to exit: †¢Wireless Telecom: the creation of an extra moment of remote call costs for all intents and purposes nothing, most expenses being forthcoming interest in costly gear arrangement. Air Travel: adding a traveler to a booke d plane cost only a smidgen of lamp oil, instead of the colossal expense of inactive planes. Ventures with low obstructions to exit: †¢Retail: stock can be moved to increasingly beneficial markets or exchanged. †¢Personal care administrations: work is the most significant value factor for these administrations. Danger OF SUBSTITUTION †¢On a free market, purchasers have the decision if there is a suitable other option. †¢Substitute source. The precisely same item is sourced by at least two merchants. †¢Full substitute items are items from various makers that satisfy precisely the same reason. For instance Kellogs corn drops and nonexclusive brand corn chips. †¢Partial substitues are items that solitary incompletely substitute one another. An occasion in Venice isn't actually equivalent to a vacation in Amsterdam, despite the fact that they are the two urban communities and the two of them include channels. Securing against replacement †¢Distributors may attempt to ensure themselves against replacement with elite appropriation understandings. Purchasers go around them with supposed dim market imports. †¢Producers may attempt to secure their items with solid marking, exchange imprints, licenses and other mental and legitimate boundaries against substitutes. Another approach to shield from replacement is to make the items incongruent with contending items. A model are the distinctive focal point frameworks for SLR cameras. †¢In general, protectionism against substitutes is terrible for the purchaser/purchaser and useful for the merchant. Models Products/a dministrations confronting a solid risk of replacement: †¢Washing powder. Twelve of brands sitting on the racks and trusting that shoppers will get them. Customer will frequently get the one that is on uncommon on shopping day. †¢Retail Outlets. Dont like Wal*Mart? Shop at Carrefour. Items/administrations confronting a frail risk of replacement: †¢Oil. Albeit elective types of vitality are being contemplated and presented, most motors today run on fuel. Fuel can not be supplanted that rapidly for a huge scope. †¢Pharmaceuticals for the time being, on the grounds that they are ensured by licenses. In the long haul, generics can scratch their piece of the overall industry and benefits. ( http://www. photopla. net/wwp0503/substitutes. php) Barriers To Entry Barriers to passage are intended to square potential participants from entering a market productively. They try to secure the restraining infrastructure intensity of existing (occupant) firms in an industry and in this way keep up supernormal (imposing business model) benefits over the long haul. Boundaries to section have the impact of making a market less contestable The business analyst Joseph Stigler characterized a passage obstruction as An expense of creating (at a few or each pace of yield) which must be borne by a firm which looks to enter an industry yet isn't borne by firms as of now in the business This stresses the asymmetry in costs between the occupant firm (effectively inside the market) and the potential participant. In the event that the current organizations have figured out how to abuse a portion of the economies of scale that are accessible to firms in a specific industry, they have built up a cost advantage over potential contestants. They may utilize this

Beowulf Close Reading Essay - Free Essay Example

Many authors tend to put symbolism in stories to portray something that plays an important role later in events, such as in the epic Beowulf. In this epic, the author uses symbolism to portray the stages of Beowulfs life through a battle involving himself and the antagonists, Grendel and Grendels mother. Reading this text through a mythological lens reveals a deeper symbolic meaning of the fight between Beowulf, Grendel, and Grendels mother, that may change ones perspective of Beowulf and the battle, in which portrayed the stages of Beowulfs life, specifically his youth and adulthood. Leading up to the battle, Beowulf is viewed as this monumental hero, with outstanding physical strength. It is said that this fighting man in his hands grasp had the strength of thirty other men (Beowulf 45). Beowulf portrays such strength during his battle with Grendel, in which he gives Grendel a death grasp after he attacked and ate some of the soldiers in the mead hall and an attempt to attack Beowulf, not knowing what to expect. While being held down by Beowulf, Grendel uttered, he had not met, on middle earths extremest acres, with any man of harder hand-grip (Beowulf 53-54). A person at youth is usually viewed as stronger and braver than a person who is elder than them. In relation to Beowulf, the strength he used in the mist of him fighting Grendel, can be symbolized as Beowulf in his youth, where he is brave and is at his greatest strength. During the battle, the word Bewail is used to express the struggling of Grendel trying to escape Beowulfs grasp. According to the English Oxford Dictionary, the word bewail can be defined as to express great sorrow for; to lament loudly, mourn (bewail, v2). After a while of bewailing, Grendel finally escaped Beowulfs death grasp. When Beowulf won the fight, he was granted glory and attention from everyone in the mead-hall. Younger people tend to have a trait where they loan for attention and make it a point to prove themselves to people. In relation to Beowulf, he fought Grendel for Hrothgar, to prove to his people that he is brave and that and can take on Grendel without weapons, which plays back to the traits of a younger person who is destined to prove a point that they are brave and have the strength to accomplish whatever they put their mind to. Later in the epic, Beowulf then comes across the Mother of Grendel, which represents his adulthood. When one reaches adulthood, they get more watchful and doesnt take as many risks as they once did when they were younger. Grendels Mother is described as stronger and much more powerful than her son Grendel. When she and Beowulf were fighting Beowulf had a hard time beating her. So, he fought with a mail armor and sword. In connection to adulthood, Beowulf having a hard time beating her could symbolize problems grownups face and have no choice, but to stand up to and fight no matter how challenging it may be. In his previous battle, Beowulf went in without any weapons, to try and prove a point to his people that he can take on Grendel without weapons, as so Grendel said he could do the same. This connects to his transition into adulthood because adults get more defensive and uptight about certain things more than what they used to when they were younger. In Beowulfs case, he became more defensive and waited until problems approached him before acting, instead of being risky and jumping into battle, as he did with Grendel. After the countless struggles Beowulf faced in the fight, he still managed to conquer them and win the fight. In result of Beowulf winning this battle, Hrothgar stated that he shall reward the deed, as [he] did before, with wealthy gifts of wreathed ore, treasures from the hoard (Beowulf 67-68). This represents his adulthood because, in response to Hrothgars offer, Beowulf responds with, Bear your grief, wise one! It is better for a man to avenge his friend than to refresh his sorrow (Beowulf 68). Beowulfs response shows that when one reaches adulthood, the bribing of gifts and rewards doesnt have much influence on them as it once did when they were younger. Adults arent really impacted or motivated by rewards, but mostly by the resulting effects after whatever battle their fighting. Beowulf uses the word renown to portray his words of wisdom to Hrothgar. Beowulf told Hrothgar, As we all may expect to leave our life on this earth, we must earn some renown, if we can, before death (Beowulf 68). According to the English Oxford Dictionary, the word renown can be defined as, the fact or condition of being widely known or talked about, or held in high esteem or repute; celebrity, fame; honour, distinction (renown, n1). This connects to Beowulfs adulthood because adults tend to think deeper into things and grasp a deeper meaning to certain things a younger person would usually look over and think nothing of. Beowulf uses these words of wisdom to show how he had matured since the fight with Grendel because he is now wiser and takes fewer risks. Overall, the symbolism portrayed through the battles Beowulf fought, shows that by reading things in a different perspective could open a persons eyes to many adventures that one would look over if they simply read without a closer reading and opened mindset to the passage.

The Endless Battle with Prison Gangs - 1689 Words

The Endless Battle with Prison Gangs As the years pass, the rate of gang affiliated crimes in the Unites States has progressed extensively, accumulating more inmates into our major prisons doubling the maximum occupancy that the jails can hold. In the U.S there are currently 33,000 active violent street, motorcycle, and prison gangs with a recorded 1.4 million members combined. The registered number of police officers is a mere 683,396; which is not even half of our countries gang population. Incredibly enough, even with their small numbers these officers do the impossible to control, learn, and manipulate the ways of the inmates; taking all of the precautions necessary to stop and protect the normal citizens on the streets and the†¦show more content†¦Gang members have even gone so far as to soaking postcards in substances, or gluing and ironing cocaine filled cards down to almost paper thin and sending them through mail into the prisons where if not caught, the inmate who received the card will chew on the paper to receive the effects of the drug. Another surprising factor of these gang members is the way that they continue to communicate with one another even when they are always on watch by the officers. There has been secret code languages discovered that they created on their own, so no one, other than those in the gang, can understand what they’re saying when planning for an attack or kill. Another method these inmates are using to communicate, especially those in solitary confinement who don’t get to interact with anyone, is by talking into the pipes to transfer messages from one cell to another. Through this the prisoners can talk to one another like a telephone system without the guards hearing them. The more resources and ways of communicating the gang has, the more powerful they are perceived, and as the gangs get larger these tasks then become a lot easier to achieve. As stated in the beginning, police officers are extremel y outnumbered by the prison and street gangs all over the country; but, with the training that some of these police officers have received and keep receiving, they’re ready to take on any task or person despiteShow MoreRelatedEssay on MS-13: A Dangerous Gang1167 Words   |  5 PagesFor many Americans MaraSalvatrucha or commonly known on the streets as (MS-13) is an unfamiliar gang but to (FBI) Federal Bureau Investigation,(ATF) Alcohol, Tabaco, Firearms and Explosives, and local law enforcement agencies,MS-13 is an uprising globalized menace of ruthless criminals who are growing in numbers exponentially. These plagues of criminals are not only making their mark here in the United States but they are deeply rooted in their country of origin, El Salvador and all throughout CentralRead MorePoverty Is A Hot Topic On The Current World Of Politics1467 Words   |  6 Pageslow-income Americans. 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It is quite dangerous to carry a gun in Jamaica, because of the stiff penalty for possession of a gun. Normally if you are caught carrying a gun you are sent to gun court where a typical sentence if life in prison. Fuelled by the seemingly endless loop of cowboy and gangster shoot ‘em ups on offer at the downtown cinemas and, as they perceived it, empowering for the first time ever, these self-styled gunslingers assumed casual violence as their currency. (Bradley, 183) This

Why Is Julius Caesar A Tragic Hero - 1619 Words

In Shakespeares theatrical-dramas there is a consistent trend of there being a tragic hero of some sort. In Shakespeares Julius Caesar the tragic hero just so happens to be Marcus Brutus, this is quite obvious because he fits some of the set standards that makes up a tragic hero in any of Shakespeares stories. Brutus is the tragic hero in Julius Caesar, because he posses a great trait of good, then it becomes his downfall in the end. He makes many errors in judgement which leads him to committing the deed that begins his downfall. And He is often blind or has a distorted image of reality. This is why I believe he is the tragic hero of Julius Caesar. The play Julius Caesar follows the storyline of a man named Julius†¦show more content†¦Well, honor is the subject of my story. I cannot tell you what other men Think of this life, but for my single self, I had as lief not be, as live to be In awe of such a thing as myself† (1.2.90-96.). Brutus goes through with killing Caesar,but talks the men out of killing Mark Antony out of the belief he has done nothing wrong. Caesar believes he has done the correct thing and has saved the people of Rome from a corrupt leader, and he performs a speech to the people of Rome explaining his actions and why he murdered Caesar. This leads to his downfall in the end, because the act of not killing Mark Antony creates a war that is order to kill Cassius and Brutus. Cassius and Brutus start to fight over the fact that Cassius is taking bribes. Brutus fights Cassius on this because in his mind this makes him a bad man because what Cassius is doing is against his moral code. â€Å"You have done that you should be sorry for. There is no terror, Cassius, in your threats; For I am armed so strong in honesty That they pass by me as the idle wind, Which I respect not. I did send to you For certain sums of gold, which you denied me; For I can raise no money by vile means. By heaven, I had rather coin my heart And drop my blood for drachmas† (4.2.65-73). During this fight Brutus mentions the fact Portia has committed suicide in the fact that she longed for her Brutus. But he seemed unphased by her death and he did not shake with anyShow MoreRelatedDoes Brutus â€Å"Qualify† as a Tragic Hero?873 Words   |  4 PagesDoes Brutus â€Å"qualify† as a tragic hero? Marcus Brutus does qualify as the tragic hero in Shakespeare’s play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. A tragic hero is a good or even great man and thus wins our sympathy causing catharsis. A tragic hero displays hamartia— the hero makes a mistake causing the downfall of his fortune. A tragic hero usually brings suffering and death to other characters, even a whole country. Finally, a tragic hero goes into a situation in which there is no gettingRead More Brutus is the Tragic Hero of Julius Caesar Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesBrutus is the Tragic Hero of Julius Caesar      Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeares play Julius Caesar is a tragic play, where the renowned Julius Caesar is on the brink of achieving total control and power by becoming emperor of the Roman Empire. Ironically enough, when he thinks he is one step away from pulling it off, his friends (most from the senate) decide to overthrow him, with Caesars most trusted friend, Marcus Brutus, acting as leader of the conspirators. Though the fall of Caesar from the mostRead MoreMarcus Brutus as the Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Julius Caesar1267 Words   |  6 PagesBrutus as the Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Julius Caesar Because of Shakespeares popularity among scholars and literary critics, his plays have been studied time after time. In the four hundred or so years since they were written, Shakespeares plays and other literary masterpieces have been categorized. Many of them, including Shakespeares portrayal of Julius Caesars murder and the resulting events for Rome and for Caesars conspirators, have been put into the tragedies category. AccordingRead MoreJulius Caesar : A Tragic Hero934 Words   |  4 PagesJulius Caesar is a work of art by William Shakespeare in 1599. Within this play Julius Caesar is portrayed as a tragic hero. A tragic hero is defined as â€Å"the main character of a tragedy [who is] usually dignified, courageous, and high ranking† (novel study guide). Also vital to defining a tragic hero is that, â€Å"the hero’s downfall is caused by a tragic flaw† ( novel study guide). It is very evident that Julius Caesar in William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar i s a tragic hero given that he is of nobleRead MoreJulius Caesar : A Tragic Hero1171 Words   |  5 PagesJulius Caesar Julius Caesar, the greatest war hero and most noble of all wanted to be praised by all Roman citizens wanted to achieve power to rule as a king. The play is set in ancient Rome in the year 44 B.C. when the Roman general Julius Caesar was almost ruler of the entire world at the highest point in his career. Within this play Julius Caesar is portrayed as a tragic hero. A tragic hero is defined as â€Å"the main character of a tragedy [who is] usually dignified, courageous, and high ranking†Read MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Julius Caesar By William Shakespeare1241 Words   |  5 PagesTragic Hero Essay A tragic hero is a main character that is usually of noble birth, suffers a catastrophe, and has a tragic flaw during his or her role in a novel or play. In The Tragedy of Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, Marcus Brutus is the tragic hero. When making a tragic hero, Shakespeare has his character go through hesitation and doubt before making a decision, presents the character with inner turmoil through soliloquy, and focuses on the choices the character makes instead of theirRead MoreJulius Caesar : A Tragic Hero937 Words   |  4 Pages Caesar the Great Julius Caesar is a work of art by William Shakespeare in 1599. Within this play Julius Caesar is portrayed as a tragic hero. A tragic hero is defined as â€Å"the main character of a tragedy [who is] usually dignified, courageous, and high ranking† (novel study guide). Also vital to defining a tragic hero is that, â€Å"the hero’s downfall is caused by a tragic flaw† ( novel study guide). It is very evident that Julius Caesar in William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar is a tragic hero givenRead MoreA Tragic Hero As Used By Shakespeare. In, â€Å"The Tragedy1657 Words   |  7 PagesA Tragic Hero as Used by Shakespeare In, â€Å"The Tragedy of Julius Caesar,† by William Shakespeare, you can see Shakespeare’s use of a tragic hero. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is a play about how Marcus Brutus and Cassius contemplate the murder of the great Julius Caesar. The play discusses the planning of the murder, and the events that follow the catastrophe. Brutus is one of the conspirators in the murdering of Caesar and is also one of his beloved friends. Shakespeare incorporates traditionalRead MoreJulius Caesar the True Tragic Hero1526 Words   |  7 Pagesonce said â€Å"A man doesn’t become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall.† These words best describe what a â€Å"Tragic Hero† is and both Julius Caesar and Brutus displayed this characteristic, so the question is â€Å"Who is the real tragic hero in this story?† This paper shall explore the reasons behind why each man is considered a hero in his own right and who the rightful owner to the title of the play truly belongs to. There have been countless tragic heroes in the works of William ShakespeareRead MoreJulius Caesar by William Shakespeare646 Words   |  3 Pagesof a tragic hero, and the tragic hero is someone of greater power or high standing obtaining a flaw. One of Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies is the story of Julius Caesar. In this story, the main character, Julius Caesar, is plotted against his best friend, Brutus, and the head of the conspiracy, Cassius. After Caesar gets assassinated, his right hand man, Mark Antony, tries to get revenge on the people that killed him. However, in this particular story, the main character is not the tragic hero

The Cyber security

Question: Analysis of Cybersecurity Capabilities ? Answer: Introduction Cyber security consists of the technologies, policies and procedures that are designed for protecting the public and private networks and their data from external attacks and unauthorized access (Wang and Lu 2013). Cyber security is basically the security for the computers. It provides security to the computer from external theft and damage. In addition to this it provides safety of the hardware as well as the software components of the computer. In addition to this, it also provides safety from external network access and malicious code injections. It also controls the physical access to the machines. The cyber security issues are growing day by day with the increase of the with the growth of the number of computer systems and over dependence on these computer system. The report consists of description of different types of cyber security tools and a brief analysis about them. The report contains an analysis of two the different tools in different categories such as, Network Intrusion Detection System (Liao et al. 2013), Host Intrusion detection System, Web Application Firewall (Razzaq et al. 2013), Honeypot (Holeczer et al. 2015), Security Information and Event Management, and Network Vulnerability Scanner. In addition to this, the report also contains a brief analysis of the existing threat models. Cyber security Threat Models and Risk Management Standard The threat model is very essential for website development or any other application developments. There are various models: Stride The Stride is the scheme to classify the threats according to the kind of damage they to the system. The STRIDE is basically: Spoof Identity: Identifying the spoofing is a very serious risk identity technique for the applications. It can help to identify the spoofer so that, no can inherit the attribute of the other users. Tampering with the data: The data of the users can be manipulated or changed according to wishes of the mal practitioner. It should be ensured that the data of the user is not lost or stolen. Repudiation: The dispute in the transactions should be solved by this type of procedure. Information Disclosure: The user are aware of the submitting the details to the company or the organizations. This might lead to wrongful use of their details of the users. The system can prevent this type of mal partition. Denial of Service: There are various kind of services that are inappropriate for the users. The Denial of services unapproved these kind of services. Elevation of Privilege: The accessing privilege are also a very serious issue. The elevation of privileges can control these privilege accesses. Dread This is a scheme that can classify the risk by quantifying and also by setting priority of the amount of the risks. The DREAD is also known as: Risk_DREAD Damage Potential Reproducibility Exploitability Affected Users Discoverability In addition to these are various alternative threat models that are existing are: Trike AS/NZS 4360:2004 Risk Management CVSS OCTAVE Host Intrusion Detection System The host intrusion detection system is the system that can monitor and analyze the internal systems of computer. In addition to this, it also protects the network packets and the network interface of the system. It monitors the dynamic behavior of the computer system. The computers have encountered the tools that, monitor the dynamic processes, in the form of the anti-viruses. The programs also monitor the state of the system as well. They also control the lines that are blurred and the overlapping contents. The HIDs generally, uses the database system and the system objects in it. During the communication procedure, the client exchanges the passphrase fro verification of the identities. The HIDS take great measures in preventing the tampering of the data objects. They adopt the crypto technique for this procedure. The HIDS also allow the administrators the option of storing the data in physical memories. Among the HIDS tools OSSEc is the most important one. Ossec OSSEC is multiple piece tool (Mehta et al. 2015). It consists of a central manager for receiving and monitoring the information from the syslog, agents, databases and devices that are agentless. OSSEC can be installed on the Microsoft Windows platforms as an agent. For, installing these system on Linux, an OSSEC server has to be present in the system. The agentless systems need some integrity check to be performed. IT can be used for scanning the firewall, routers and even the operating system. Input / Output and configuration procedure of the tool: The process contains several steps: Step1: Downloading and Verifying the OSSSEC on the server and on the agent. In this step the user is required to download OSSEC tool and the checksum file along with it. The user is required to log in to the server and update the package database. sudo apt-get update The user is required to install the available updates. sudo apt-get upgrade The user is required to install the packages required and install the following on the server; sudo apt-get install inotify-tools build-essential The following is to be installed on the agent. Sudo apt-get install build essential After this the user is required to download OSSEC and its checksum on both the Droplets. wget -U ossec https://www.ossec.net/files/ossec-hids-2.8.1.tar.gz wget -U ossec https://www.ossec.net/files/ossec-hids-2.8.1-checksum.txt After this the user needs to verify the md5sum of the compressed tarball. md5sum -c ossec-hids-2.8.1-checksum.txt The output would be: ossec-hids-2.8.1.tar.gz: OK md5sum: WARNING: 1 line is improperly formatted These processes should be followed by verifying the SHA1 checksum. Step 2: Install the OSSEC Server In this step the user is required to install the OSSEC server. The following commands should be executed only within one droplet. The user should then start the installation procedure. Sudo./install.sh After this the user needs to select the mode in which the tool is to be installed.What kind of installation do you want (server, agent, local, hybrid or help)? After the successful installation the following output would be produced. - System is Debian (Ubuntu or derivative). - Init script modified to start OSSEC HIDS during boot. - Configuration finished properly. More information can be found at https://www.ossec.net Press ENTER to finish (maybe more information below). --- Then the user is required to press enter. Step 3: Configuring the OSSEC Server The user needs to OSSEC server stings and make sure that it can send alerts to the specified emails. At firs the user needs to move into the root directory. When inside the root directory the user needs to change the directory into the location of the configuration file of the OSSEC. The user needs to make a backup copy of the configuration file. Then the original file is to be opened, and the nano text editor is used to configure the file. Nano ossec.conf The following configuration setting need to be done: global email_notificationyes/email_notification email_tosammy@example.com/email_to smtp_servermail.example.com./smtp_server email_fromsammy@example.com/email_from /global After modifying the settings the user need to save the file and start the OSSEC. Step 4: The installation process The user needs to install the tool. Sudo ./install.sh What is the IP Address of the OSSEC HIDS server?: your_server_ip The user needs to provide the IP address the user had received earlier. For the other settings the user needs to select the default values and press ENTER. Step 5: Add Agent to the Server and Extract its Key. The user is required to start the process of adding the agent, /var/ossec/bin/manage_agents For adding the agents the user would be prompted to specify the name, IP address and an ID for the agent. After entering all the fields the user need to confirm by pressing y. Step 6: Importing the key from the server to the agent. The user needs to import the key from server to the agents. The user needs copy the key from the server to the agent. Step 7: Allow the UDP port 1514 Traffic through the Firewalls Firstly, the user needs to remove the drop rule. Sudo iptables D INPUT j drop For adding the OSSEC server, the OSSEC IP of the agent needs to be entered. Next, all the outbound traffic is required to be allowed. Iptables A OUTPUT j ACCEPT Finally, add the drop rule again to both. Sudo iptables A INPUT j DROP Step 8- Restart OSSEC Agent and Server The user needs to restart the server and activate the agent by typing /var/ossec/bin/ossec-control restart. If the connection is successful an output would be produced. agentUbuntu-111.111.111.111 is active. After successfully completing all the procedures the user would be getting the outputs. The line of the alerts of the agent would look like OSSEC Notification - (agentUbuntu) 111.111.111.111 - Alert level 3 OSSEC have many methods of sending the alerts to the other systems or the applications. The main methods of sending the alerts are, Syslog, email, and sending alerts to any SQL database. The output methods are only alerts and not full data. Honeypot The Honeypot is the security mechanism that would detect or deflect or counter the effects of the effects of unauthorized access. It consists of the data that is generated from the legitimate part of the site. Although the actual function of the tool is monitoring and controlling the processes of the website and preventing the attackers from potentially blocking and disrupting the processes of the website. The process is actually inducing the offender to commit the offence and catch the offender in exchange. These tools prohibits several applications from effecting the websites. These are: Deception Technologies, Malware Honeypots and Spam version of the software. Kippo Kippo honeypot can be defined as a secure shell medium-interaction honeypot which is used to block the shell interaction or brutal attacks created by any attacker (Sochor and Zuzcak 2014). Python 2.5+, Twisted 8.0, PyCrypto or Zope interface is required to run this software (Rivvers and Koedinger 2015). It should be run through dedicated non-route user. Basic kippo configuration includes switching to a dedicated user and then acquiring Kippo. Later essential logging table is created after which setup suitable to the environment is made. After configuring the whole set up accordingly, one can run Kippo with ($./start.sh). It has the option to get more than one password to a user name but it may prove too suspicious to others. It portrays an annoying sticky feature. With this the attacker cannot exit from the shell by simply clicking on exit command. It actually acts like a honeytrap which holds the attacker into a shell which executes and shows meaningless results. Kippo graph is anot her feature which allows a user to see the honeypot in a statistical way. The Kippo graph uses a Libchart PHP. It detects all the attacks done for a given time and generates it statistically. It elevates the usability of Kippo for logging data into a SQL database. The generated graphs are in Python. A single graph is generated twice once in a larger scale and the other in its tenth form. Input / Output and configuration procedure of the tool: For the installation procedure of Kippo the following files would be required. kippo - directory with Kippo source files (python); kippo.tac - configuration file for twistd (twistd is required to run Kippo); start.sh - shell script for starting Kippo; For the configuration process of the tool the configuration file is to be accessed. The configuration file can be found at: https://kippo.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/kippo.cfg.dist. The main configuration file for the tool is to be saved with the name of kippo.cfg. There are three sections in the configuration file: [honeypot] - mandatory section including core honeypot configuration; [database mysql] - optional section including configuration of the MySQL logging module; [database xmpp] - optional section including configuration of the XMPP logging module; In the honeypot section the following parameters are to be defined. ssh addr - IP address on which Kippo listens for new connections (default is 0.0.0.0 that means any address IP); ssh port - TCP port on which Kippo listens for new connections (default is 2222); hostname - hostname displayed by shell prompt; log path - directory for saving log files download path - directory for saving files downloaded by the emulated wget command; download limit size - maximum size of downloaded file filesystem file - path to the file containing emulated filesystem contents path txtcmds path data path public key private key out addr - IP address used by emulated wget for opening outgoing connections sensor name fake addr banner file interact enabled interact port In the database_mysql section the following configurations are to be done. host - name of the server running database database - database name username - name of the database user password - password of the database user port - port on which the database listens for new connections; In the database _xmpp section the following fields are to be configured: server - name of the XMPP server user - name of the XMPP user password - password of the XMPP user muc - name of the MUC service signal createsession signal connectionlost signal loginfailed signal loginsucceeded signal_command signal_clientversion debug - flag (true or false) In addition to this some option for the twistd are also to be set: Option -1: default is log/kippo.log Option pidfile: default is kippo.pid The tool also requires some additional configuration data: userdb.txt - text file containing in each row a trio login:uid:password last.log - text file containing information about last logins to the system emulated by Kippo After the completion of the configuration procedure the start-up procedure is implemented: The start.sh file has to execute for starting the process. The output characteristics of the Kippo: establishment of TCP connection: -source IP address: L, B, X; source TCP port: L, X; target IP address: L, X; target TCP port: L, X; time of establishment of TCP connection: L, B; Termination of TCP connection/SSH session: reason of termination of TCP connection/SSH session: L; time of termination of TCP connection/SSH session: L, B*, X*; in the case of termination of SSH session: content of the file with SSH session history: B*; Receiving of the information about the version of the SSH client: client version: L, B*, X*; 8 time of receiving of information about client version: L Establishing the connections that are encrypted- encryption algorithm: L; time of establishment of encrypted connection: L; The authentication attempt of the client: login: L, B, X; password: L, B, X; information if attempt was successful: L, B, X; time of performing the clients authentication attempt: L, B; in the case of successful authentication (i.e. creating SSH session): size of terminal: L, B; name of created file to record SSH session history: L; values of environment variables (e.g. XMODIFIERS, LANG): L; Execution of the shell commands: command name: L, B, X; information if command was recognized by Kippo: L, B, X; time of command execution: L, B; in the case of wget command: URL of downloaded file: L, B; name of the file where downloaded file was saved on the host machine: L, B; time of starting the file download: L, B; time of finishing the file download: L; The data input for the shell command command name: L, B; input data: L, B; time of data input: L, B; The output format: Main Log: timestamp - log entry creation time context - log entry context message - log entry message The main log consists of these three parts. The TCP connections are established in the main log as single entry. context := [kippo.core.honeypot.HoneyPotSSHFactory] message := New connection: IP source:port source (IP dest:port dest) [session: session id], where: IP source: source IP address; port source: source TCP port; IP dest: target IP address; port dest: target TCP port; session id: number uniquely identifying TCP connection/SSH session in the main log (session identifier); 10 The output that is generated by this connection: 20130108 14:18:25+0100 [kippo.core.honeypot.HoneyPotSSHFactory] New connection: 192.168.122.1:35533 (192.168.122.82:2222) [session: 0] Information log bout the encrypted process: 20130108 14:18:26+0100 [HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] kex alg, key alg: diffiehellmangroup1sha1 sshrsa 20130108 14:18:26+0100 [HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] outgoing: aes128ctr hmacmd5 none 20130108 14:18:26+0100 [HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] incoming : aes128ctr hmacmd5 none 20130108 14:18:26+0100 [HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] NEW KEYS 20130108 14:18:26+0100 [HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] starting service sshuserauth The authentication attempt of the client. 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHService sshuserauth on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] login attempt [root/123456] succeeded 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHService sshuserauth on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] root authenticated with keyboard interactive 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHService sshuserauth on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] starting service sshconnection 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHService sshconnection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] got channel session request 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] channel open 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHService sshconnection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] got global nomore sessions@openssh.com request 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] pty request: xterm (33, 129, 0, 0) 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] Terminal size: 33 129 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] request env: x00 x00x00nXMODIFIERSx00x00x00x08@im=none 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] request env: x00 x00x00x04LANGx00x00x00npl PL.utf8 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] getting shell 20130108 14:33:27+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] Opening TTY log: /var/log/kippo/log/tty/201301081433279152.log 20130108 14:33:33+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] /etc/motd resolved into /etc/motd Execution of the Shell command: 20130108 14:51:47+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] CMD: wget www. dna.caltech.edu/Papers/DNAorigaminature.pdf 20130108 14:51:47+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] Command found: wget www.dna.caltech.edu/Papers/DNAorigaminature.pdf 20130108 14:51:47+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] Starting factory HTTPProgressDownloader: https://www.dna.caltech.edu/Papers/ DNAorigaminature.pdf 20130108 14:51:50+0100 [HTTPPageDownloader,client] Updating realfile to /var/log/kippo/dl/20130108145147 http www dna caltech edu Papers DNAorigami nature pdf 20130108 14:51:50+0100 [HTTPPageDownloader,client] Stopping factory Inputting data 20130108 14:51:47+0100 [SSHChannel session (0) on SSHService ssh connection on HoneyPotTransport,0,192.168.122.1] INPUT (passwd): pp Establishment of the connection: insert into sensors (id, ip) values (3, kippo hp); insert into sessions (id, starttime, endtime, sensor, ip, termsize, client) values (e28678b4599511e2bab10800277e980c, 20130108 13:18:26, NULL, 3, 192.168.122.1, NULL, NULL); Termination of the TCP connection update sessions set endtime = 20130108 14:03:22 where id = e28678b4599511e2bab10800277e980c; insert into ttylog (id, session, ttylog) values (4, e28678b4599511e2bab10800277e980c, BLOB); The XMPP: The TCP connection information: message from=kippo-events-createsession@conference.localhost/kippo -XDJQcVxo type=groupchat to=kkoltys@localhost/localhost body kippo xmlns=https://code.google.com/p/kippo/ type=createsession session locaLhost=127.0.0.1 session=136371692 cdb4d91b3eec6ff04618232 locaLport=2222 remote_port=35533 remote_host=192.168.122.1/ /kippo /body /message message from=kippo-events-connectionlost@conference.localhost/ kippo-XDJQcVxo type=groupchat to=kkoltys@localhost/ localhost body kippo xmlns=https://code.google.com/p/kippo/ type=connectionlost session session=136371692cdb4d91b3eec6ff04618232/ /kippo /body /message message from=kippo-events-clientversion@conference.localhost/kippo -XDJQcVxo type=groupchat to=kkoltys@localhost/localhost body kippo xmlns=https://code.google.com/p/kippo/ type=clientversion version session=136371692cdb4d91b3eec6ff04618232 version=SSH - 2.0-OpenSSH_5.3/ /kippo /body /message message from=kippo-events-loginfailed@conference.localhost/kippo- XDJQcVxo type=groupchat to=kkoltys@localhost/localhost body kippo xmlns=https://code.google.com/p/kippo/ type=loginfailed credentials session=136371692cdb4d91b3eec6ff04618232 password =123 username=root/ /kippo /body /message message from=kippo-events-loginsucceded@conference.localhost/kippo -XDJQcVxo type=groupchat to=kkoltys@localhost/localhost body kippo xmlns=https://code.google.com/p/kippo/ type=loginsucceeded credentials session=136371692cdb4d91b3eec6ff04618232 password =123456 username=root/ /kippo /body /message message from=kippo-events-command@conference.localhost/kippo- XDJQcVxo type=groupchat to=kkoltys@localhost/localhost body kippo xmlns=https://code.google.com/p/kippo/ type=command command session=136371692cdb4d91b3eec6ff04618232 command= known pwd/command /kippo /body /message Conclusion For conclusion it can be said that, there are various types of security tools, which are open source. So, it can be brought for free and free services can obtained from these tools. The report consists of a brief analysis about various kind of security tools. Each tool has some different feature and are efficient in their own way. Hence, different tools must be used for different functions in different situations. Although, most the tool are suitable for almost all type of jobs and in all type of open source platforms. References Arambatzis, T., Lazaridis, I. and Pouros, S., 2016, May. Modern Windows Server Operating Systems Vulnerabilities. In The Third International Conference on Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Social Media (CSCESM2016) (p. 29). Arney, C.A. and Wang, X., 2016, September. Active Snort Rules and the Needs for Computing Resources: Computing Resources Needed to Activate Different Numbers of Snort Rules. In Proceedings of the 5th Annual Conference on Research in Information Technology (pp. 54-54). ACM. 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